The main types of brakes in a family car are disc and drum brakes, what should be the choice from a safety point of view?

Author: free heart

Link: https://www.zhihu.com/question/606016128/answer/3079533908

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Braking system can be said to be an important guarantee of automobile safety, from the beginning of the driving school, the instructor explains that any situation, you can not forget the brakes, visible brakes of the status. The form of the current braking system to disc and drum brakes two main categories, of which disc brakes more. The basic principle of the two brakes is somewhat similar, are through the use of non-rotating parts to rotate and rotating parts of the friction, braking, except that the form of disc brakes is a brake disc (like a plate) plus calipers, drum brakes are brake drums plus brake shoes from the braking effect of disc brakes than drum brakes are much better, and disc brakes than the drum brakes also have more advantages, but the disc brakes have a fatal flaw that the load capacity Limited, due to structural reasons it can not withstand a large torque, torque over a certain force of the entire disc will be damaged, while the drum brake will not be damaged up to brake the car to. So the big car must be with drum brakes and most of the car is with disc brakes, because the cost of disc brakes than drum brakes, so the price of the car is generally low with the front disc brakes after the drum brakes, because the disc brakes are good, so the disc brakes must be used in the front wheels, if the front and rear wheels with disc brakes car braking effect of the "steel steel". If you don't believe me, you can try it yourself. Disc brakes have good heat dissipation. Drum brakes are more powerful. But the best is actually electromagnetic braking plus energy recovery.   Brakes consume a lot of energy when they are hot. Especially in increasingly congested cities, you spend more time on the brakes than on the accelerator when commuting to and from work. If all cars use electromagnetic braking, and then the energy recovery, will greatly reduce energy consumption. Fuel and electricity saving. Many electric cars currently support this technology. It's just not perfect yet.  Electromagnetic brakes require almost no brake pad changes because they are non-contact brakes. In 2020, the latest vehicle standards, dangerous goods vehicles and silo semi-trailer trailer axles have been mandatory for manufacturers to use disc brake axles, but also to install air suspension. It can be seen that disc brakes are the mainstream trend. Here combined with the use of the situation: 1, drum brakes in most trucks are drum brakes, because before the king of 100 tons of trucks are too many, overloading is too serious, so they are drum brakes with the drenching to use. 2, now from the safety aspects of considerations, trucks have been replaced one after another for the disc brakes, at the same time the front end is now with a hydrodynamic retarder. 3, the use of disc brakes on the truck, remember not to use the drenching because the high temperature of the brake disc can reach 600 degrees Celsius. Brake disc high temperature temperature can be 600 to 800 tonnes, water shower on the brake disc cracked. The advantages of disc brakes, disc brakes and drum brakes compared to which is good The advantages of disc brakes are many, mainly the following points.   1, the brake lining block of disc brake has high pressure on the brake disc, which can easily squeeze out the water, and at the same time, the water may be quickly thrown off with the help of centrifugal force, so it has good water stability.   2、Good heat dissipation performance, disc brake is less affected by the friction coefficient, and the size of its brake friction lining is not long, and the working surface is only 6% to 12% of the area of the brake disc, so the heat dissipation performance is better.   3、Braking torque and the car forward or backward travelling has nothing to do, the friction lining block is easy to be replaced after wear, the structure is relatively simple, and the maintenance is very easy.  Which is better, disc brake or drum brake?   Disc brakes are a little better than drum brakes. First of all, drum brakes are less heat dissipative than disc brakes, and their braking stability is not sufficient. The braking effect varies greatly on different road environments, which is not easy to control, and it cannot be used continuously, which may cause the brake to deteriorate or malfunction. Maintenance is also more troublesome, you need to regularly adjust the clearance of the brake shoes and clean the accumulated brake powder in the brake drum.  The advantage of disc brakes is very obvious, its heat dissipation performance is good, the response is also very fast, can be used at high frequency, do not have to worry about continuous use of the brakes caused by recession or failure. The structure is also relatively simple, easy to dismantle and maintain, so I recommend ordinary car owners to use.   In addition, if the car often travelled in the gravel road, it should be carefully considered for use. Because disc brakes in the gravel road will be easily damaged, and brake pads wear and tear, the replacement frequency is very high, in this case the performance of drum brakes will be better.